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fetch, bring, carry, get, take<-->join, join in, take part in
spend, take, pay, cost
这组词的共同意思是“花费”,指某人买或做某事所花费的时间或金钱。其区别是：
1.spend和pay的主语只能是人; cost的主语是物或事; take后接时间时，主语也可以是人。此外，take和cost还可以用动词不定式或动词不定式短语作真实主语,而it为形式主语。例如:
I paid him $200 for this painting.
我付他200美元买了这幅画。
She spent ten dollars shopping for food.
她购买食品花了10美元。
The work cost me a lot of time and effort.
这本著作花费了我大量的时间和精力。
We took a week to finish the work.
我们花了一个星期完成这项工作。
It costs us a lot of money to build a house.
盖房子花了我们很多钱。
It took me one year to read this book.
我用一年时间读了这本书。
2.pay的搭配范围最窄,只接金钱; cost的搭配范围最宽,除接金钱和时间外，还可接劳力、精力、财富、健康、职位甚至生命等。例如:
“Are you paying cash?”“No,I will pay by cheque.”
“你付现金吗?”“不,我用支票支付。”
Careless driving cost him his life.
粗心大意地开车使他丧了命。
3.spend可接动名词，而cost, pay, take可接动词不定式。
4.spend, take, pay都可用于被动结构，而cost不能用于被动结构。
fetch, bring, carry, get, take<-->join, join in, take part in
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